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Boundary parallel : ウィキペディア英語版
Boundary parallel

In mathematics, a closed ''n''-manifold ''N'' embedded in an (''n'' + 1)-manifold ''M'' is boundary parallel (or ∂-parallel, or peripheral) if there is an isotopy of ''N'' onto a boundary component of ''M''.
==An example==
Consider the annulus I\times S^1. Let π denote the projection map
:\pi:I\times S^1\rightarrow S^1,\qquad(x,z)\mapsto z.
If a circle ''S'' is embedded into the annulus so that π restricted to ''S'' is a bijection, then ''S'' is boundary parallel. (The converse is not true.)
If, on the other hand, a circle ''S'' is embedded into the annulus so that π restricted to ''S'' is not surjective, then ''S'' is not boundary parallel. (Again, the converse is not true.)

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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